Phytotoxic Activity of Geraniol-Treated Lemongrass Leaf Mulch against Common Weeds in Nurseries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46754/umtjur.v1i1.44Keywords:
natural herbicide, organic mulch,, oxygenated monoterpeneAbstract
Hand weeding continues to be one of the most laborious aspects of nursery maintenance. Oxygenated monoterpene, an important group of secondary metabolite found in essential oils, has a potential herbicidal activity that could be exploited as natural herbicide whereas organic mulch could delay weed emergence. Thus, this study aimed to examine the phytotoxicity of geraniol, an oxygenated monoterpene compound, in combination with lemongrass leaf mulch against three common weeds, Eleusine indica (grass), Cyperus distans (sedge), and Tridax procumbens (broadleaf). Greenhouse experiments were carried out by treating 4.0 t/ha lemongrass leaf mulch with 7.5% (v/v) geraniol compound. The pretreated mulch acted synergistically and inhibited the emergence and shoot growth of T. procumbens completely. However, the pretreated mulch exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect on C. distans emergence and growth. Geraniol-treated lemongrass leaf mulch acted synergistically and inhibited the emergence of E. indica by 72%, but it acted antagonistically and caused a 45% reduction of shoot biomass. The present findings suggest that geraniol-treated lemongrass leaf mulch has potent herbicidal activity but its phytotoxic effect is species-dependent.
References
Altland, J. E., Wehtje, G., Gilliam. C.H. 2003. Weed control in field nurseries. HortTechnology. 13:9-14.
Amri, I., Hamrouni, L., Hanana, M., Jamoussi, B. 2013. Reviews on phytotoxic effects of essential oils and their individual components: new approach for weeds management. International journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical technology. 4(1): 96-114.
Anonymous. 2002. Metolachlor. in Vencill, W.K. ed. Herbicide Handbook, 8th ed. Weed Science Society of America. Pp. 299–300.
Anzalone, A., Cirujeda, A., Aibar, J., Pardo, G., Zaragoza, C. 2010. Effect of biodegradable mulch materials on weed control in processing tomatoes. WeedTechnology.24: 369 – 377.
Belz, R.G. 2007. Allelopathy in crop/weed interactions-an update. Pest Management Science. 63(4): 308-326.
Chalker-Scott, L. 2007. Impact of mulches on landscape plants and the environment: A review. Journal Environment Horticulture. 25:239–249.
Chauhan. B.S. and Abugho. S.B. 2012. Interaction of rice residue and pre herbicides on emergence and biomass of four weed species. Weed Technology. 26(4):627-632.
Choi. H.J., Sowndhararajan. K., Cho.N.G., Hwang. K.H., Koo.S.J., and Kim S. 2015. Evaluation of herbicidal potential of essential oils and their components under in vitro and greenhouse experiments. Weed Turf Science. 4(4):321-329.
Cochran, D.R., Gilliam, C.H., Eakes, D.J., Wehtje, G.R., Knight, P.R., Olive, J. 2009. Mulch depth affects weed seed germination. Journal Environment Horticulture. 2:85–90.
Crutchfield, D.A., Wicks, G.A., Burnside, O.C. 1986. Effect of winter wheat (Titicum aestivum) straw mulch level on weed control. Weed Science. 34:110–114.
Dilipkumar, M., Mazira, C.M., Chuah, T.S. 2015. Phytotoxicity of different organic mulches on emergence and seedling growth of goosegrass (Eleusine indica). Journal of Tropical Agriculture and Food Sciene. 43(2): 145-153.
Gouda, N.A., Saad, M.G., Abdelgaleil, S.A. 2016. Pre and post herbicidal activity of monoterpenes against barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Weed Science. 64:191-200.
Kruidhoff, H.M., Bastiaans, L., Kropff, M.J. 2009. Cover crop residue management for optimizing weed control. Plant and Soil. 318(1-2): 169-184.
Liebman, M. and Mohler, C.L. 2001. Weed and soil environment. In Ecological Management of Agricultural Weeds, edited by Liebman, M., Mohler, C.L. and Staver, C.P. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 210-268.
Locke, M. A. and C. T. Bryson. 1997. Herbicide-soil interactions in reduced tillage and plant residue management systems. Weed Science. 45:307–320.
Mathers, H.M. 2003. Novel methods of weed control in containers. HortTechnology 13(1): 28-31.
Nishida, N., Tamotsu, S., Nagata, N., Saito, C., Sakai, A. 2005. Allelopathic effects of volatile monoterpenoids produced by Salvia leucophylla: inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in the root apical meristem of Brassica campestris seedlings. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemical. 44:1343-1347.
Schonbeck, M. 2012. Organic mulching materials for weed management. Retrieved on 5 Dec. 2017 from https://www.extension.org/ pages/65025/organic-mulching- materials-forweed- management#.VBIFX2Ps36A
Teasdale, J.R., Shelton, D.R., Sadeghi, A.M., Isensee, A.R. 2003. Influence of hairy Vetch residue on atrazine and metolachlor soil solution concentration and weed emergence. Weed Science 51(4): 628-634.
Teasdale, J.R., Pillai, P., Collins, R.T. 2005. Synergism between cover crop residue and herbicide activity on emergence and early growth of weeds. Weed Science 53(4): 521-527.
Wilen C.A. 2007. Weed managements in landcsapes. University of California agriculture and natural resources [online]. Available from http://www.maine.gov/dacf/php/gotpests/weeds/factsheets/weed-mgt-land cal.pdf [accessed on 21 Dec 2017]
Zunino, M.P., Zygadlo, J.A. 2004. Effect of monoterpenes on lipid oxidation in maize. Planta. 219:303- 309.
