Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research

Effects of Rose-water on the Total Phenol and Flavonoid Content and Radical Scavenger Activity in Fermented Broth with Komagataeibacter xylinus

WAN AINUR AISYAH WAN AZMAR, AZILA ADNAN, AZIZ AHMAD — Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Komagataeibacter xylinus is a cellulose-producing bacteria. This bacteria is known to be symbiotic with yeast associated with yeast and kombucha production. Several herbs and spices are commonly added during the fermentation process to enhance the flavour of kombucha. Nevertheless, the efficiency of rose water on the quality of kombucha remains limited. Therefore, the current study aims to determine the effect of rose water derived from petals of Bishop’s Castle species on the total phenolic, flavonoid and radical scavenging activity of the broth rose. The K. xylinus was inoculated to various concentrations of rose water (0 to 100% v/v) and analysed for the chemical compound and scavenging activity after fermentation for 15 days. The results showed that bacterial growth, total phenolic and flavonoid content, as well as radical scavenging activity decreased with the concentrations of rose water applied in the culture medium. The highest total phenol (0.07 mg/ml) and flavonoid (0.07 mg/ml) content was obtained from broth containing 20 % (v/v) rose water. The radical scavenging activity was comparable to the control medium in treatment containing lower concentrations (20 to 60 % v/v) of rose water. In conclusion, biologically active chemicals in the rose water might inhibit the growth of bacteria and contribute to the total content of analysed secondary metabolites in the broth. Further study should be carried out to determine the effects of lower concentrations and a variety of rose water applied after the bacteria attained the growth phase.

Participating in Solid Waste Management Among Household in Terengganu

Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Solid waste is one of the greatest environmental challenges facing most municipalities in Malaysia. The household sector is the primary source of solid waste in Malaysia, accounting for almost 60% of the total. Other important sources of solid waste include industries, commercials, and institutions. This paper presents the result of the survey among the households in Kuala Terengganu regarding the attitude and participation in Solid Waste Management (SWM). The research argues that to achieve sustainability, public involvement in environmental and solid waste policies is crucial. No programmes or policies can be successful without the involvement of people and grassroots leaders. Thus, this paper will examine household attitudes and participation via a waste recycling programme to deliver a sustainability policy for SWM in Malaysia. To learn more about perceptions and attitudes about waste management, a questionnaire survey was distributed to households in Kuala Terengganu. A list of questions was asked of respondents, such as items from the level of education to personal and social background information. Accordingly, 100 questionnaires were distributed in selected areas in Kuala Terengganu. The survey results indicate a lack of concern among households about participating in recycling activities. The main factors for participation in the recycling programme were educational background, housing conditions, and level of established income. In summary, Terengganu’s SWM system is poor and fragmented. The institutional structure and managerial aspects of SWM are also problematic. As a result, Malaysia’s national SWM strategy is crucial to ensuring its sustainability. Campaigns and educational initiatives are needed to raise public awareness of the issues and effects related to the generation, collection, transportation, and disposal of solid waste.

Impak Pembinaan Projek Laluan Rel Pantai Timur Terhadap Sosioekonomi Di Kelantan

NUR FARDIA ARTIEY MOHD ROZANI, SITI AISYAH SAAT — Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Laluan Rel Pantai Timur (ECRL) merupakan rangkaian rel yang menjadi penghubung antara Pantai Timur dengan Pantai Barat Semenanjung Malaysia dengan jumlah panjangnya ialah 665 kilometer. Projek ECRL melibatkan negeri Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, dan Selangor. Kajian mempunyai objektif untuk mengetahui sejauhmana pengetahuan komuniti di Kampung Bukit Merbau, Pasir Puteh, Kelantan terhadap projek ECRL dan mengenal pasti impak sosial dan impak ekonomi rentetan daripada aktiviti pembinaan projek tersebut. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam kajian ini melalui kaedah temu bual yang dijalankan terhadap 11 orang informan yang terdiri daripada 10 orang penduduk Kampung Bukit Merbau dan seorang daripada pihak pengurusan projek ECRL. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa informan mempunyai pengetahuan dan sedar tentang pembinaan projek ECRL yang dijalankan di kampung tersebut. Hasil temu bual juga mencatatkan terdapat impak sosial positif, iaitu dapat meningkatkan darjah ketersampaian, meningkatkan aksesibiliti kepada penduduk dan kualiti hidup penduduk turut meningkat; serta impak negatif, iaitu risiko kemalangan, pencemaran bunyi, dan bencana banjir. Selain itu, terdapat impak ekonomi yang wujud daripada projek tersebut antaranya kadar pengangguran berkurangan, sektor perdagangan dan industri kecil sederhana dapat diperluas, menurunkan kadar kemiskinan, dan memperkasakan sektor pelancongan. Oleh itu, projek ini telah memberikan impak sosial positif dan negatif serta impak ekonomi kepada komuniti Kampung Bukit Merbau.

Faktor Kemerosotan Kualiti Hidup Penduduk di Sekitar Kawasan Perindustrian Kulim Hi-Tech: Kajian Kes di Padang Serai

MUHAMMAD ALIF IZZUDIN ROFIZAN, SITI MUNIRAH MAUZUD, NOR HAYATI SA’AT — Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti faktor kemerosotan kualiti hidup penduduk di kawasan perindustrian Kulim Hi-Tech, iaitu di Padang Serai. Dalam kajian ini, terdapat tiga faktor utama berlakunya kemerosotan kualiti hidup penduduk yang telah dikenal pasti, iaitu lambakan warga asing, kesesakan lalu lintas dan masalah pencemaran yang berlaku di kawasan perindustrian Kulim Hi-Tech. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif melalui pendekatan survei yang melibatkan seramai 209 orang penduduk di sekitar Padang Serai yang telah dipilih secara rawak sebagai responden bagi menjawab soalan kaji selidik. Dapatan kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 29.0. Hasil kajian menunjukkan isu lambakan warga asing berlaku dengan agak serius sehingga menggugat kualiti hidup penduduk setempat dengan skor min keseluruhan sebanyak 3.80. Bagi kesesakan lalu lintas pula, kesesakan telah dikenal pasti kerap terjadi ketika waktu puncak penduduk pergi dan pulang dari tempat kerja dengan skor min keseluruhan sebanyak 4.71. Seterusnya, majoriti penduduk (skor min 4.34) juga bersetuju bahawa pembangunan perindustrian di kawasan tersebut telah menyebabkan masalah pencemaran terutamanya disebabkan oleh pembinaan kilang-kilang baharu serta pergerakan keluar masuk kenderaan berat. Hasil kajian ini boleh diperpanjang kepada pihak-pihak yang berkaitan seperti agensi-agensi kerajaan, pihak swasta dan pihak berkepentingan bagi merancang dan melaksanakan inisiatif yang bersesuaian. Dengan demikian, permasalahan yang timbul akibat daripada kesan perindustrian dapat diselesaikan seterusnya meningkatkan kualiti kehidupan masyarakat setempat. Sebagai contohnya, hasil kajian ini boleh dipanjangkan kepada pihak Kementerian Pengangkutan, Institut Penyelidikan Keselamatan Jalan Raya Malaysia (MIROS), Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR) dan Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan (PBT) dalam usaha merangka pembangunan serta pembinaan sistem kawalan trafik pintar bagi menyelesaikan masalah kesesakan lalu lintas yang dialami.

Diversity and Species Composition of Non-Volant Small Mammals in Chemerong Recreational Forest and Kenyir, Terengganu

Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Malaysia comprises a large number of mammal species, most of which are small mammals. However, the diversity and species composition of non-volant small mammals remains understudied, especially on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This study aims to determine the diversity and species composition of non-volant small mammals in the Chemerong Recreational Forest and Kenyir. Ten sampling sessions, with a total of 3,000 sampling efforts, were conducted between November 2021 and October 2022 using 100 collapsible wire-mesh live traps. In Chemerong Recreational Forest, 50 individuals were identified from 11 species, which is dominated by Rattus rattus (n = 14), followed by Maxomys whiteheadi and Tupaia glis with nine individuals, respectively. In Kenyir, 62 individuals were captured from nine species, primarily comprising Sundamys muelleri (n = 15), Maxomys rajah (n = 14), and Rattus rattus (n = 13). Results reveal that the diversity and species composition varied between the two study areas. Chemerong Recreational Forest demonstrates a higher diversity of non-volant small mammals, while Kenyir exhibits higher species dominance. This study provides baseline data for further study and conservation efforts for non-volant small mammal species in the region.

A Conceptual Framework for Pro-Environmental Behaviour in Organisations: The Mediating Role of Green Knowledge Sharing in Corporate Social Responsibility

Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0800

This study develops a comprehensive conceptual framework of employees’ pro-environmental behaviour within organisations, grounded in Social Identity Theory (SIT). The paper examines how green knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between corporate social responsibility and pro-environmental behaviour. The proposed model contributes to organisational greening by fostering engagement in sustainable practices. The findings offer novel insights into evaluating pro-environmental behaviour, which influences the Environmental Management (EM) programmes implemented by organisations. This research enhances our understanding of employee behaviour from an environmental perspective, with significant implications for policymakers, organisational leaders, and society in advancing sustainable development initiatives.