PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TLC PROFILE AND 1H NMR ANALYSIS OF Passiflora foetida EXTRACTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46754/umtjur.v5i2.404Keywords:
Passiflora foetida, phytochemical screening, TLC profile, 1H-NMR analysis, ethanol extractAbstract
Passiflora foetida, also known as red fruits passion flower is widely found in Malaysia. Previous studies on this plant reported its therapeutic properties such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-hyperpigmentation, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. In this study, different parts of the plant (aerial, stem, leaf, and fruit) were used for the phytochemical screening including alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, and saponin tests. The aerial, leaf, and stem parts show positive results in all tests. However, there are slight differences in color intensity of each test. With the exception of terpenoids, the fruit shows positive results in alkaloid, flavonoid, and saponin tests. Then, a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) profile was carried out using various solvent systems including chloroform/methanol (9:1) and ethyl acetate/hexane (1:9). The TLC profile reveals that the chloroform/methanol (9:1) solvent system provides better separation of compounds compared to the ethyl acetate/hexane (1:9) solvent system. Characteristic spots were observed on the TLC plate, possibly indicating the presence of flavonoids, steroids, and terpenoids. Moreover, the extract of the aerial part of P. foetida was analyzed using 1H-NMR which revealed signals indicating the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the extract. This study serves as a preliminary investigation, providing valuable information on the metabolite profile of various parts of P. foetida that might be useful for future studies.
References
Al-Kayali, R., Jalab, J., Kitaz, A., & Abdelwahed, W. (2021). Evaluation of antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants by bioautography. Universal Journal of Pharmace utical Research 2021, 6(4), 42-49. https://doi.org/10.22270/ujpr.v6i4.639
Asadujjaman, M., Mishuk, A. U. lla., Hossain, M. A. Sla., & Karmakar, U. K. Uma. (2014). Medicinal potential of Passiflora foetida L. plant extracts: Biological and pharmacological activities. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 12(2), 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-4964(14) 60017-0
Astuti, M. D., Winarti, T. S., & Mustikasari, K. (2017). Isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa terpenoid dari ekstrak n-heksana daun kelopak tambahan tumbuhan permot (Passiflora foetida). Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia, 11(2).
Cao, R., Nonaka, A., Komura, F., & Matsui, T. (2015). Application of diffusion ordered-1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify sucrose in beverages. Food Chemistry, 171, 8-12.
Chiavaroli, A., Di Simone, S. C., Sinan, K. I., Ciferri, M. C., Angeles Flores, G., Zengin, G., ... & Orlando, G. (2020). Pharmacological properties and chemical profiles of Passiflora foetida L. extracts: Novel insights for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Processes, 8(9), 1034. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8091034
Chopra, R. N., Nayar, S. L., & Chopra, I. C. (1986). Glossary of Indian medicinal plants (Including the supplement) (pp. 330). New Delhi: Council Scientific Industrial Research.
Cordova, F. M., Zibadi, S., & Watson, R. R. (2013). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of passion fruit peel extract in modifying osteoarthritis, hypertension, and asthma. In Bioactive food as interventions for arthritis and related inflammatory diseases (1st ed.). Elsevier Inc. https://doi. org/10.1016/B978-0-12-397156-2.00255-6
Dasuki Sulain, M. (2017). Antiproliferative, antioxidative and compounds identification from methanolic extract of passiflora foetida and its fractions. Journal of Analytical & Pharmaceutical Research, 6(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15406/ japlr.2017.06.00166
Fidelis, M., De Moura, C., Kabbas, T., Pap, N., Mattila, P., Mäkinen, S., Putnik, P., Kovačević, D. B., Tian, Y., Yang, B., & Granato, D. (2019). Fruit seeds as sources of bioactive compounds: Sustainable production of high value-added ingredients from by-products within circular economy. Molecules, 24(21), 1–54. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/molecules2 4213854
Krzakowa, M., & Grzywacz, E. (2010). Phenolic compounds pattern in sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis) vs white clover (M. alba) revealed by 2D TLC (two-dimentional thin-layer chromatography) and its taxonomic significance. Herba polonica, 56(3).
Napiroon, T., Sookchaloem, D., & Vajrodaya, S. (2017). Thin layer chromatography screening and profiling of Terrestrial aroids (Araceae) lipophilic extracts from Saiyok forest, Thailand. Journal Tropical Forest Science, 1(1), 1-10.
Nwosu, M. (1999). Herbs for mental disorders. Fitoterapia, 70(1), 58-63. https://doi. org/10.1016/s0367-326x(98)00024-0
Olaoluwa, O. O., Iganboh, P. D., & Taiwo, O. M. (2019). Chemical constituents and biological activities of Passiflora foetida (Linnaeus) stem and fruit essential oils. The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal, 6(6), 21–28.
Ozarowski, M., & Thiem, B. (2013). Progress in micropropagation of Passiflora spp. to produce medicinal plants: A mini-review. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 23(6), 937-947. https://doi.org/10.1590/ S0102-695X2013000600011
Revathy, S., & Sunilkumar, T. (2019). Phytochemical and nutritional studies on the fruit pulp extract of Passiflora foetida Linn. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(4), 732–734.
Sasikala, V., Saravanan, S., & Parimelazhagan, T. (2011). Analgesic and anti–inflammatory activities of Passiflora foetida L. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 4(8), 600-603.https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995- 7645(11)60155-7
Sathish, R., Sahu, A., & Natarajan, K. (2011). Antiulcer and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Passiflora foetida L. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 43(3), 336. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613. 81501
Shin, S. J., & Cho, N. S. (2008). Conversion factors for carbohydrate analysis by hydrolysis and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Cellulose, 15(2), 255-260.
Song, Y., Wei, X. Q., Li, M. Y., Duan, X. W., Sun, Y. M., Yang, R. L., ... & Wang, H. (2018). Nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of the fruits of a Chinese wild Passiflora foetida. Molecules, 23(2), 459. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23020459
Thakur, M., Singh, K., & Khedkar, R. (2020). Phytochemicals. In functional and preservative properties of phytochemicals (Issue I). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/b978-0-12-818593-3.00011-7
Van Linh, N., Trung Tuong, N., Xuan Phong, P., Trang, D. T., Nhiem, N. X., Hoai An, D., & Huu Tai, B. (2022). New phenylethanoid and other compounds from Passiflora foetida L., with their nitric oxide inhibitory activities. Natural Product Communications, 17(11), 1934578X221141163.
Zhang, C. Y., Luo, J. G., Liu, R. H., Lin, R., Yang, M. H., & Kong, L. Y. (2016). 1H NMR spectroscopy-guided isolation of new sucrose esters from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and their antibacterial activity. Fitoterapia, 114, 138-143.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
