Journal of Maritime Logistics

ESTIMATING A PRELIMINARY DEMAND MODEL FOR CORN MOVEMENTS FROM THE U.S. EAST COAST AND GULF TO EAST ASIA, FUTURE CORN TRAFFIC, AND DECARBONIZATION PROCESS

Javier Ho — 2024-08-18

Corn is the second most important component of the grain segment after soybeans, averaging close to 35.7% of total grain traffic through the Panama Canal. The objective of this paper is to attempt to fit a preliminary general demand model for corn traffic through the Panama Canal using Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The corn traffic estimated is the U.S. Gulf and East Coast to East Asia, particularly China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, and the research hypothesized the possible variables that may explain the downward trend in
the movements of corn in this route between October 2004 to September 2022. Canal costs, U.S. Gulf freight rates, U.S. Gulf and Pacific Northwest grains inspections and the energy index were the most important explanatory variables in the study. This research also discusses the future of corn traffic through the waterway in terms of alternative sources, routes, and possible demand for corn, and explores the decarbonization process impacting the Panama Canal and the U.S. corn supply chain. For the literature review, the research is leveraging on previous estimation of demand functions for grains and the decarbonization studies related to the maritime industry, and examine papers related to Panama Canal shipping demand, thus closing the gap on the literature about transportation demand through the waterway.

OPTIMISING SAFETY: INVESTIGATING THE NEXUS OF SAFETY MANAGEMENT, SAFETY CLIMATE AND SAFETY PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIAN LOGISTICS COMPANIES

Mohd Azril Ismail — 2024-08-18

Safety Management can be defined as the imperative of safety operations within the dynamic landscape of the logistics sector. It underscores the focal point of addressing workplace safety issues, highlighting a deficiency in comprehension of safety practices as a root cause for safety performance challenges. Remarkably, logistic companies exhibit a visible deficiency in the adoption of vigorous safety management practices, while worker perceptions suggest suboptimal efficacy of the safety climate. Methodologically, a quantitative research approach is used, utilizing a survey distributed via email and Google Forms, with 107 respondents comprising operators and truck drivers from various logistics companies in Malaysia. Analysis is conducted utilizing IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29, with reliability, validity, and normality analyses used to scrutinize the relationship between variables. Regression analysis reveals a statistically significant association between safety performance, safety management practices, and safety climate at a significance level of 0.001. The study portrays a positive correlation between an affirmative safety climate and enhanced safety performance within Malaysian logistic companies. It emphasizes the cultivation of a safety-conscious organizational culture as vital, fostering a proactive stance that mitigates accidents and enhances overall safety outcomes. Strategic interventions aimed at strengthening the safety climate emerge as instrumental in extending safety excellence within Malaysia's logistics operations.

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF MULTIMODAL LOGISTICS: IDENTIFYING MAIN TRENDS AND THE ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION

Nurkhan Zhaken — 2024-08-18

The integration of various transportation modes is a critical aspect of global supply chain management, commonly referred to as multimodal logistics. This method is utilised to optimise cost, time, and environmental impact. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to investigate the evolving trends and the essential role of transportation in multimodal logistics. The analysis emphasises the unique advantages of trucking, rail, maritime shipping, and air transport. The study utilises keywords from the Scopus database to search for materials and analyses them based on the year of discovery, industry, producing authors, and state. The analysis is restricted to research subjects and focuses on highly specific areas, such as modelling processes, digitalisation, ecological impact, and regional performance evaluation. The literature significantly focuses on the challenges of coordinating multiple transportation modes, technological advancements, and sustainability. The study identifies prevailing trends, key research areas, and future directions, differentiating between multimodal and intermodal logistics and their respective implementation challenges and advantages. Multimodal logistics, a vital sector of the economy, also supports other sectors by reducing direct economic costs through efficient linkages between manufacturing and extractive industries. The study emphasises the importance of empirical research, technological integration, and sustainable practices in advancing multimodal logistics.

An AN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) APPROACH FOR SELECTION OF OFFSHORE SUPPLY BASES: KEMAMAN VERSUS TOK BALI IN MALAYSIA

Mohd Iszhar Zolkaflee — 2024-08-18

This paper explores and identifies a key element in the offshore supply chain and the oil and gas industry, the offshore logistic system, which includes offshore supply bases. This shore supply base is the logistics hub for all drilling and oil and gas activity. It functions as a central warehouse and a forward base for supplying cargo and needed supplies to offshore installations, and it offers critical services to facilitate offshore operations. Because of its advantageous position in Southeast Asia, Malaysia has become a prominent participant in the worldwide oil and gas sector. The nation’s offshore supply bases, with oil and gas platforms operating in different locations along the eastern shores, have become crucial centres for the sector. This study aims to identify the key factors in supply base selection by oil and gas operators by performing a comparative analysis of two significant offshore supply bases in Malaysia, specifically Kemaman and Tok Bali. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) has been used for stakeholders to make multi-criteria decisions. The method will prioritise four main criteria for supply base selection: Geographical location of Offshore Supply Base, Infrastructure and facilities, services provided and charges, and Regulatory considerations were used with twelve sub-criteria to ascertain which supply base is most favourably situated to meet the increasing demands of the oil and gas industry in the region, all of which determine the operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness of offshore operations. The analysis revealed that the Geographical component is the most significant, followed by Facilities and infrastructure, Service and costs, and Regulatory, respectively. Based on the score, the attribute with the highest level of importance is the Distance to MTJDA & MVCAA (Northern Section) Oil & Gas Platform. This is followed by Service, Berth facilities, Distance to the oil and gas Platform at Terengganu Water (Southern Section), Outsourced / Inland Area, Warehousing, Storage Facilities, Crew Change, Customs, Charges, Port Authority, and ISPS compliances in that order. The findings of this study will aid oil and gas companies and players in making informed decisions regarding the selection of onshore supply bases. By examining the factors influencing the choice of supply base and their respective advantages, companies can make informed decisions that contribute to their overall success in a competitive global market.

THE FUTURE OF THE PRIVITY OF THE SALVAGE CONTRACT: CERTAIN POLICY CONSIDERATIONS IN SALVAGE OPERATIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA STUDIED COROLLARY WITH THE US

Portia Ndlovu — 2024-08-18

Salvage operations as a maritime practice go beyond just a country’s national interests as they are constantly at the cusp of global ocean-wide interaction and disaster management. Maritime disasters invariably affect parties in various nations and their port State controls. Further, such disasters also directly affect insurers based in jurisdictions where there is sufficient liquidity to cover what are often very large claims. In local courts, these claims may be enforced by incola (Arnold v United Insurance, 1893) against foreign parties. Therefore, this paper considers the multi-faceted policy aspects of South African salvage law and operations and some cutting-edge developments in the United States (US) salvage legal practice that may change how salvors are hired and fired. This paper will provide significant insight into the standards that modern salvors are expected to meet, using these two nations, which represent an African State and the West, with unique but related international perspectives. The South African salvage operations’ legal expanse historically and in modern times is sampled with the US, reflecting examples of nations that are IMO participants, this will add to knowledge and contribute to core discussions such as saving human life at sea, property and the environment. Salvage operations have been approached through international law and other companywide modern contracts, technology, and amendments in law, which must be understood to ensure success. This academic discourse incorporates relevant sample salvage data and legal case studies, which ensures a critical and practical analysis that may assist salvage operations personnel and industry worldwide.

A MODEL OF MARITIME COMMUNITY DIGITALISATION AND INSTITUTIONAL COMMITMENT TOWARDS TELECENTRE SUSTAINABILITY

Marhaini Mohd Noor — 2024-08-18

This study focuses on telecentre implementation institutional capacity and sustainability. Telecentre sustainability is the power of a national commitment by policymakers who recognize the importance of connecting people through modern information society tools and back that commitment up with funding and institutional support for multi-year programs. The significance of institutional capacities in translating national policy into action at the regional and local levels through governmental and non-governmental bodies. The importance of maritime community volunteers in the operation of telecentres as a network of telecentres cooperating in a region to develop and share a variety of resources. The significance of promoting information and ICTs as a valuable resource for individuals, families, organizations, and communities. In light of this, it is now clear that telecentres are necessary for continued development. The managers of various telecenters throughout the East Coast provided the information that was gathered. We presented and spoke about the findings of qualitative narratives derived from the content analysis of the interviews. In order to come up with the main conclusions of this study, the qualitative data that were gathered, evaluated and interpreted. The findings show that this implementation study identified a lack of resources (inputs) and impediments as a result of policy failure. Theoretically, this research indicates that telecentres will be sustainable in the long run. With the enhancement of the telecentre program, ICT for maritime community development and sustainability will improve. This study proposes a model of maritime community digitalization and institutional commitment with the emphasizes on technology infrastructure, digital literacy, institutional commitment and community involvement. Thus, these are embedded to the sustainability pillars which are: organization, policy, social, finance and operation identified from this research.